indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to recall; to remember; to recollect
scene; spectacle; sight; view
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
encounter; being confronted with (e.g. difficulty); meeting with (e.g. accident)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
inconsequential; indifferent; not worth worrying about; whatever; whichever; I don't care
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be opposite; to face each other
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to pay no attention to (while listening); to take no notice of; to ignore; to let go in one ear and out the other
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
speech; words; one's lines; remarks
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question