prefix for forming ordinal numbers
20 years old; (arch.) twenty
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
chapter; section; medal; badge; insignia
compilation (of a text); editing; volume (of a text); completed literary work
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
counter for stories, episodes of TV series, etc.
to play dumb; to feign ignorance; to act as innocent
ward; borough; city (in Tokyo); district (e.g. electoral); section; zone (e.g. postal)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
black magic; sorcery; magic tricks; juggling
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
training; drill; practice; discipline
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to repeat; to do something over again
by (means of); by doing; due to; via; through
so much; so often; oh, yes!; that's it; that's right; quite
failure; mistake; blunder
there is no need to ...; never happens; there is never a time when
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to break (into pieces); to be broken; to collapse; to crumble; to become less formal; to throw off reserve
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
time; hour; period; class
movement; transfer; migration; mobile; moving; traveling
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
the point of ...; the place where ...; a place called ...; places known as ...; I would say ...; ... is how I'd put it
don't you think?; indicates question
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
passage (of time); elapsing; progress; development; transit
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)