that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
journey; route of a journey
the end; the extremity; the limit; the limits; the result
in comparison to; rather than
heavy; weighty; heavy (feeling); depressed; slow; sluggish; important (position, responsibility, etc.)
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
rough; wild; violent; immoderate; extravagant; reckless
hard; solid; stiff; tight; strong; firm (not viscous or easily moved); safe
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
salt; common salt; hardship; toil; saltiness; cold
ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
by means of; due to; because of; according to
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to change into; to be transformed; to be transfigured; to transform; to alter; to convert
to face on; to look out on to
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
to melt; to thaw; to fuse; to dissolve
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do