secondhand book; ancient book; antiquarian books
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonsense; irresponsible remark; codswallop; random; haphazard; unsystematic
high and low; rise and fall
difference; variation; difference
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
tatami mat; Japanese straw floor coverings
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
to pile up; to stack; to load (car, ship, etc.); to pack; to acquire; to accumulate
tatami mat (esp. as a measure of room size, either 1.82 sqm or 1.54 sqm)
room to let; room for rent
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
large quantity; massive (quantity); mass (e.g. mass production, mass transit, mass destruction)
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
ten thousand years; eternity; perennial; perpetual
having no money; lack of money
sensation; feeling; tendency; propensity
ratio; proportion; match; equal; explicit comparison (style of the Shi Jing); Philippines
good (quality, condition, etc.); Good (grade); B
slope; incline; hill; milestone; (age) mark
half; semi-; half-past; odd number; (arch.) unit of land area (595.8 m^2)
middle; halfway; half (of); one half; half (e.g. done, jokingly); partly
inside the breast of one's clothing (esp. kimono); bosom; space between one's chest and outstretched arms; (one's) reach; heart (e.g. of a mountain); bosom (e.g. of nature)
circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to overcome (opposition); to push past; to force one's way; to press and cut
Chinese-style low dining table; Japanese-Chinese cuisine, served family-style (large dishes, diners help themselves), specialty of Nagasaki Chinese style low dining table; soba in soup with slices of boiled fish paste, shiitake mushrooms, greens, seaweed, etc.
stand; rack; support; holder; counter for machines, incl. vehicles; setting (e.g. in jewellery); level (e.g. price level)
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
to line up; to set up; to enumerate; to itemize; to be equal (to); to compare well (with)
to be rich in; to abound in; to be abundant in; to be rich; to be wealthy
to chip; to be chipped; to be missing (from a set, team, etc.); to be absent; to be lacking (in); to be short (of)