older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
to swell; to rise; to bulge; to rouse; to get excited
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; I feel regretful; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
emergency; extraordinary; unusual
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to come to one's senses; to calm down
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
same; similar; (just) like; equal
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
to burst open; to split open; to be bursting with (e.g. youth, laughter, flavor); to bounce; to bound
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to distance oneself (from); to keep (something or someone) at a distance; to maintain a distance (from)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to hang one's head; to look down; to cast one's eyes downward
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
what do you want?; can I help you?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
head (of a household, etc.); leader; owner; proprietor; subject (of a rumour, etc.); doer (of a deed); guardian spirit (e.g. long-resident beast, usu. with mystical powers)
to tease; to make fun of; to poke fun at; to make a crack about; to chaff; to kid
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
vocal sound; tone of voice
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
facial expression; countenance; look; appearance; expression (vocal, etc.)
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
embarrassed; feeling ashamed; feeling awkward
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean