indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
cloth bib displaying a competitor's number; athlete's number
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
to raise one's face; to lift one's head; to raise one's eyes
athletic meet (esp. at school); sports day
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
while; during; while; although; all; both
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to stand up; to put up; to thrust into; to bury into; to make (a noise); to start (a rumour); to make
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
mouthful; morsel; gulp; sip; one word; in short
to contain; to comprise; to hold in the mouth; to bear in mind; to understand; to express (emotion, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
katakana; angular Japanese syllabary used primarily for loanwords
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
starting field which contains the November and/or December 20-point card
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
implementation (e.g. of a feature); installation (of equipment); mounting; packaging
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
name; given name; first name
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo