attachment; obsession; persistence
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
domination; rule; direction; management; control (e.g. over one's emotions); determining (e.g. one's fate)
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
wise; sagacious; intelligent; sensible
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
great; grand; magnificent; outstanding; mighty
every conceivable; every single; every possible; all kinds of
handicraft; industrial art object
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to build up; to complete; to construct; to make up; to fabricate; to invent
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
civilization; civilisation; culture; Bunmei era (1469.4.28-1487.7.20)
even; (if) only; just; besides; on top of that
contribution (furthering a goal or cause); services (to a cause)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
technique; art; skill; move
praise; admiration; commendation; approbation
to abuse; to exploit to the full; to give free rein to
chalk (mineral); white wall
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
that kind of; that way; that move; that trick; that game
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
complete; completion; perfection; accomplishment
grace; refinement; elegance; daintiness
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
solemn; sublime; grand; magnificent; impressive
than; from; out of; except; but; more
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
to approach; to draw near; to be imminent; to press (someone for something); to urge; to compel
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
tower; steeple; spire; stupa; pagoda; dagoba
appropriate; adequate; suitable; fitting; worthy
shall ...; to assume; to suppose
later; afterwards; future; after one's death; (arch.) descendant
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question