right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to turn one's face; to turn around; to look over one's shoulder
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
one's way back; one's way home
light (e.g. colour, color)
dark gray; dark grey; donjiki (clerical dress)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rock; to shake; to swing
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
to begin purchasing; to purchase
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be packed (with); to be full (space, schedule, etc.); to be blocked (road, pipe, nose, etc.); to be clogged; to shorten (width, interval, etc.); to shrink (shirt, word form, etc.); to be at a loss
to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to have (problems, debts, etc.); to take on (a responsibility); to employ; to have (on one's staff)
sign of life; human presence; humanity; humaneness
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
really; truly; indeed; good grief
the way back; the way home; return trip
to turn one's head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around; to think back (on); to reminisce; to look back (on)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to come to like; to become fond of; to fall in love
throwing down multiple objects in succession; at once in great numbers
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
stone paving; cobble paving; stone steps; check (pattern); pavé; rectangular dessert (usu. made from chocolate or several layers of sponge cake)
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
to drop; to lose; to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.); to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair); to lose (a match); to reject (an applicant); to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice)
bag; sack; skin of an orange (and other like fruits); dead end; plot of land surrounded by water
contents; interior; substance; content; (sword) blade
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to roll; to tumble; to fall over; to roll over; to lie down; to be scattered about; to be lying around
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk