indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
forever; for good; eternally; as long as one likes; indefinitely; no matter what
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to move (house); to change residence
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
deep in the mountains; mountain recesses
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
inner part; inside; interior; depths (e.g. of a forest); back (of a house, drawer, etc.); bottom (e.g. of one's heart)
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago
(main building of a) Shinto shrine
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
use; utilization; utilisation; application
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
secret base; hideout; hidden position
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be bewildered; to be perplexed
two persons; two people; pair; couple
mutually; with each other; reciprocally; together