rain and wind; driving rain
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rule; to govern; to administer
siblings; brothers and sisters; brothers; siblings-in-law; brothers-in-law; mate
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
domination; rule; direction; management; control (e.g. over one's emotions); determining (e.g. one's fate)
lightning; thunder; god of thunder; god of lightning; anger; fit of anger
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
eldest daughter; first-born daughter
to burn; to burn with (emotion, feeling); to be fired up
to use up; to exhaust; to devote oneself (to); to do one's utmost (for); to do to exhaustion; to do completely
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
honorific suffix used after the name of a woman of equal or higher status
warm; mild; considerate; kind; warm (of a colour); mellow
to burn; to roast; to broil; to heat; to heat up; to make (charcoal, pottery, bricks, etc.); to bake
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
by means of; due to; because of; according to
light; well-lit; bright (of a colour); brightly-coloured; cheerful; bright; encouraging (for the future of a project, etc.)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
spirit; sprite; energy; vigor (vigour); fine details; semen
right arm; right-hand man; right hand; right-handed pitcher
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to follow; to accompany; to cleave to; to join up with; to obey implicitly; to flatter
exceedingly; extremely; decisively
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago
tradition; legend; folklore
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis