far away; far off; far; long ago; long before
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the end; the extremity; the limit; the limits; the result
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; (arch.) north wind
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
to remain; to abide; to stay (in the one place); to be limited to; to be confined to; to only account for
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
lion; left-hand guardian dog at a Shinto shrine
constellation; astrological sign; star sign; zodiac sign
meteor swarm; meteor shower
than; from; out of; except; but; more
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
tradition; legend; folklore
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to repeat; to do something over again
shudder; shiver; trembling with fear
handing down (information); legend; tradition; folklore; transmission
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
will; probably; may; I think; surely; I hope
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
disaster; calamity; misfortune; trouble; woes
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to go in the direction of; to proceed toward; to become; to face (facts, circumstances, etc.); (arch.) to abide by; (arch.) to agree to
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)