owner of a hermitage; abbess; prioress; nun in charge of a Buddhist convent
ghost; apparition; phantom; spectre; specter; demon
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
work (e.g. of art); production; harvest; cultivation; technique
younger brother (of an older brother); younger sister (of an older sister); youngest child; young; younger; young and beautiful
picture; drawing; painting; image (TV, film, etc.); picture; footage
as before; as ever; as it was originally
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
prefecture (Japan); county (China, Taiwan, Norway, etc.); department (France); province (Italy, Spain, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
corner; section; one horn; narwhal (Monodon monoceros)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be erected; to be built
verdant; fresh and green; bright green; lush
to grow thickly; to be in full leaf; to be rampant; to luxuriate; to be luxurious
(many) trees; every tree; all kinds of trees
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
wall; partition; barrier; obstacle
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
ivy (esp. Boston ivy, Parthenocissus tricuspidata)
to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
suddenly; in a flash; rapidly; attractive; distinguished; showy
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
limit; limits; degree; extent; the end; the last; as long as ...
ruins (of a building, town, etc.); remains
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to speak; to hear a voice