that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
vivid; bright; brilliant; skillful; skilful; adept
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
swordsman; swordswoman; fencer
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear
to pull out; to draw out; to omit; to leave out; to do to the end; to carry through; to let out (e.g. air from a tyre)
will; volition; intention; intent; determination
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to produce; to yield; to cause; to result from; to arise; to be generated
spare time; free time; time (e.g. time it takes to do something); time off; day off; quitting (one's job); firing someone
dark; dull; unsatisfactory; dissatisfying; unattractive; unappealing
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to surge; to well up; to gush out
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
mouth; lips; shape of the mouth; near an entrance; vicinity of an entrance
to pin down; to hold down; to cover (esp. a part of one's body with one's hand); to clutch (a body part in pain); to get a hold of; to obtain
while; even though; despite
back; rear; background; behind the scenes
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
thrust; stab; tsuki; thrust to the throat (in kendo); tsuki; thrust to the chest
to get used (to); to get familiar with; to get skillful with
reason; cause; circumstances
quick; swift; nimble; quick (understanding, judgement, etc.); alert; prompt
nature; natural; spontaneous; naturally; spontaneously
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
time; hour; period; class
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
exactly; surely; right then; just then; just (about to); on the verge (of doing or happening)
instant; moment; for an instant
perhaps; likely; probably; I dare say
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest