indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
festival; feast; harassment by an Internet pitchfork mob; online shaming; galore (as in "goals galore"); frenzy
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
before long; soon; almost; nearly; finally; in the end
to arrive at (after a struggle); to finally reach; to find one's way to; to finally hit on (e.g. an idea)
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to fill; to become full (of); to wax (of the moon); to rise (of the tide); to flow; to expire (of a period of time)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to disclose; to divulge; to expose; to open (a grave); to dig out
side (of something, or taking someone's side); part; (watch) case
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
second-year student; biennial
excursion; field trip; school trip
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
occasionally; once in a while; seldom; casually; unexpectedly; accidentally
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
seat; location (of a gathering, etc.); place; position; post
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
sudden; abrupt; unexpected; unforeseen
to ask; to enquire; to inquire; to search; to look for; to look into
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become