this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
God; god; ace; king; superior person
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to notice; to become aware; to be scrupulous; to be attentive; to recover consciousness; to come to oneself
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
four; four years of age; ten o'clock (old time system); Burakumin; cross grips
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
five; five years of age; eight o'clock (old time system)
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
natural; reasonable; obvious; usual; common; ordinary
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
so; like this; in this way
splendid; fine; praiseworthy; creditable; legal; legitimate
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
seven; seven years of age; four o'clock (old time system)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
doubt; question; suspicion; dubiousness
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
consent; assent; agreement; understanding; comprehension; grasp
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
finally; at last; ultimately; in the end
discovery; detection; finding
honorific/polite/humble prefix
old woman; joker (card); hag; bitch
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
story; tale; talk; discussion
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just