to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
fight; battle; combat; struggle (for rights, higher wages, etc.); strife; (labor) dispute
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
ten; 10; ten years of age
time passes; the days and months go by; the months roll on
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
past middle age; nearing old age; near-elderly; age 40
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
flow (of a fluid or gas); stream; flow (of people, things); passage (of time); course (of events); (step-by-step) procedure; group of people who remain together after the end of an event
depending on; dependent on
body; oneself; one's place; one's position; main part; meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
lump; mass; group; crowd; embodiment (of an idea, quality, feeling etc.); personification
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
(many) trees; every tree; all kinds of trees
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
whereabouts; place; location; place where one belongs; where one fits in; place where one can be oneself
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that...
old person; senior citizen; the aged; the elderly
to knead; to mix with fingers; to quibble; to argue for argument's sake
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
wholeheartedly; single-mindedly; fervently; intently
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to load (a gun, etc.); to charge; to put into (e.g. emotion, effort); to include (e.g. tax in a sales price); to hang over; to shroud
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only