indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
since some time ago; for some time; for quite a while
on countless occasions; many a time
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to bite; to chew; to gnaw; to fumble one's words (esp. during a play, broadcast, etc.); to falter with one's words; to crash against (e.g. of waves); to break onto (shore)
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
cavern; cave; cave system; grotto
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to recite; to chant; to cry; to yell; to advocate; to advance
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
echo; reverberation; response; reaction; repercussions
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
ceremony; rite; ritual; service
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to call together; to convene
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
uniform; equal; even; common; ordinary; usual
to close one's eyes; to lower one's eyelids; to shut one's eyes; to die; to breathe one's last
that kind of; that way; that move; that trick; that game
lower back; waist; hips; body (of hair, noodle, paper, etc.); resilience; spring
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to cross (legs or arms); to link (arms); to put together; to construct; to braid; to plait; to grapple
to match (rhythm, speed, etc.); to join together; to unite; to face; to be opposite (someone); to compare; to check with
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to be tied together; to be connected to; to lead to; to be related to; to be related (by blood)
underground; below the ground; world of the dead; the grave; underground (activities, movement, etc.); secret
waterway; canal; channel; swimming pool lane
entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation
to wet; to moisten; to dampen; to soak; to dip
place; situation; position; location
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
torch (made of pine, bamboo, reed, etc.); flambeau; torchlight