order; ordering; beginning; start; foreword; preface
Common Era; CE; Christian Era; Western (Gregorian) calendar
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to engage in a bloody feud; to have a family quarrel; to quarrel with one's own flesh and blood; (lit.) to wash blood for blood
Warring States period (of Japanese history, approx. 1467-1568 CE); Sengoku period; Warring States period (of Chinese history, 403-221 BCE); era of vicious competition
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
right in the midst of; right at the height of
wisteria (esp. Japanese wisteria, Wisteria floribunda); wistaria
storm; tempest; uproar; hullabaloo; storm (e.g. of protest)
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
ruler; monarch; sovereign
neighbouring country; neighboring country; adjacent country
aconite (esp. species Aconitum japonicum); wolfsbane; monkshood; traditional bugaku hat
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
blade; sword; forged blade; wavy pattern on forged blades; sharpness; unhulled rice
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to turn towards; to point
battle formation; camp; encampment; group; gang; war
middle palace guard (ritsuryo system)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
wife and children; (arch.) wife
all present; all concerned; all of us
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
rooting up (weeds, etc.); eradication; rooting out; stamping out
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
prosperity; glory; splendour; splendor; majesty; luxury
in that way; thus; so; so?
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to serve; to work for; to attend
ninja; person trained in ninjutsu and employed for covert purposes in feudal Japan
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
endurance; forbearance; patience; self-restraint
group; bunch; crowd; group
by means of; due to; because of; according to
retaliation; revenge; reprisal; retorsion; retortion
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; (arch.) that's right
on the occasion of; circumstances; juncture