everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
back; rear; background; behind the scenes
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
Kaga (former province located in the south of present-day Ishikawa Prefecture)
arm; skill; efforts; ability
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to seize; to catch; to obtain; to acquire; to understand; to grasp
soft; tender; limp; subdued (colour or light) (color); gentle; meek
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
tightly (hold, squeeze, etc.); firmly; forcefully (e.g. push); hard
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
at any rate; anyhow; anyway; in any case; because; as you know
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
school festival; campus festival
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
class (of students); group (of people); party; lot; bunch; crime family; organized-crime syndicate
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
confession; acknowledgement; confession of love; professing one's feelings; confession of sins (e.g. the confessional)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)