prologue; prolog; Prolog (Programming in Logic)
before one knows; before one becomes aware of; unnoticed; unawares
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
to sigh; to breathe a sigh
while; during; while; although; all; both
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
primary school; elementary school; grade school
upper grades of primary school (sixth, fifth, and sometimes fourth grades)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
junior high school student; middle school pupil
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
approximate age; apparent age; marriageable age (esp. of a woman); age of maturity; appropriate age (to ...); old enough (to ...)
thin; slender; fine; unlucky
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take along; to hold in the hand; to hang (e.g. from the shoulder or waist)
of course; certainly; naturally
umbrella; parasol; something shaped like an umbrella or a conical hat; shade (of a lamp); mushroom cap
to bring; to take (something) along; to fetch; to get
considerably; fairly; quite
large drop (rain, sweat, tears, etc.); large grain-like object (grape, cherry, etc.)
for the present; for the time being; for a while (from now); for some time (to come)
to cease; to stop; to be over
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
sopping wet; dripping wet; sodden; drenched; soaked
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back