indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
things to do; must-do items; one's duty; what is required
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
wish; desire; hope; prospect; expectation; (one's) hopes
to grant (request, wish); to answer (prayer); to fulfill (conditions); to meet (requirements)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
too much; excessively; too
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to be in a hurry; to be impatient; to be anxious (to do); to get a fright; to panic; to get flustered
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to get tired of (doing); to lose interest in
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to lie in wait (for); to be on the watch (for); to wait (for); to watch (for)
to live fast (and recklessly)
regret; repentance; remorse
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
judging from; on the basis of; from the point of view of
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough; really; actually; ever
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
actually; in fact; as a matter of fact
to each his own; people differ; different people (have different likes)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
an infinite variety of; multifarious; being extremely varied and wide-ranging
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)