this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.); opus; performance; production
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
reality; actuality; practice (as opposed to theory); truly; really; bhutakoti (limit of reality)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
person; character; one's character; one's personality; able person; talented person
group; party; team; organization; organisation; association
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
all; everything; entirety; absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
another; one more; not quite; not very good; lacking
(feeling of) indebtedness; feeling obliged
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
taking a seat; sitting down (in one's seat)
by the way; incidentally; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how)
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to urge; to encourage; to press; to stimulate (e.g. growth); to hasten (e.g. development); to quicken
and; thereupon; because of that
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
I; me; personal (affairs, etc.); private; selfishness; partiality
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to avoid (physical contact with); to avoid (situation); to ward off; to avert; to put aside; to move out of the way
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
to hate; to dislike; to loathe
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
to say in other words; to put another way; to express in different words; to reword; to rephrase