yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
wardrobe (esp. for Western clothes); chest of drawers; clothespress; dresser; tallboy
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
pull-up (exercise); chin-up; chinning; suspension; dangling; hanging
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
while; during; while; although; all; both
to mutter; to murmur; to grumble; to tweet (Twitter)
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
floor; stage (for the narrator and the shamisen player); dining platform built across a river
to arrive at; to reach; to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table)
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
knee; lap; knee and thigh (while sitting)
to bend; to crook; to lean; to tilt; to bend (the truth); to distort
sweat; perspiration; moisture; condensation; gulp; oops
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
soaked; drenched; sopping; incessantly (raining); drizzling
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
whole (body); full-length (e.g. portrait); systemic
nudity; stark naked; in one's bare skin; penniless
by the way; in this connection; incidentally; in passing
chest of drawers; bureau; cabinet; tansu; dresser
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
falling down; tumbling; reversing; inverting; getting upset
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
(spring) tension rod; tension pole
solid; robust; tight; taut; shrewd; calculating
ceiling; ceiling price; (price) ceiling
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to bite; to chew; to gnaw; to fumble one's words (esp. during a play, broadcast, etc.); to falter with one's words; to crash against (e.g. of waves); to break onto (shore)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
to hang down (from); to dangle; to be within one's reach; to dangle (before one's eyes); to be completely reliant on; to be entirely dependent on
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid