this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to lose; to miss (a change, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to reach; to amount to; to be up to the task; to come up to; to compare with; to be a match (for)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to hold (in one's hand); to take (into one's hand); to own; to obtain
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
only; merely; but; no more than
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
end; finish; bounds; limits; delivery date (of a futures contract); finale (of a noh song); end of an act (in jōruri or kabuki)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
reason; significance; cause; piece of information that one has heard; I hear that ...; it is said that ...
strange; unfamiliar; unknown; unfamiliarity; strangeness; stranger
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
to greet; to call out (to); to invite; to get in touch (with); to cheer (on); to give vocal support (to)
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
sunlight; rays of the Sun
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
warm; mild; warm (of a colour); mellow; having enough money
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rock; to shake; to swing
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
soft; tender; limp; subdued (colour or light) (color); gentle; meek
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to re-think; to think back upon; to change one's mind
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to draw (attention, sympathy, etc.); to attract (e.g. interest)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
needle; pin; hook; stinger; thorn; hand (e.g. clock, etc.); pointer