our country; our land; one's own country
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
candidate; contender; prospect; candidacy; candidature; nomination
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
first thing in the morning
fresh; refreshing; invigorating; clear (e.g. voice); fluent; eloquent
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to roughen (e.g. one's attitude); to raise (one's voice)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
royal castle; imperial castle
abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
side (esp. of a waterbody); edge; bank; shore
to be erected; to be built
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
(abstract) symbol; emblem; representation
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
people (of a country); nation; citizen; national
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
courtyard; quadrangle; middle court
anyone; anybody; everyone; everybody; whoever
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
opening (a door, window, etc.); leaving open; opening up (e.g. to the public); allowing (public) access
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
on the occasion of; circumstances; juncture
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
crop; crops; (agricultural) produce; farm products
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)