indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to conform to; to be in accordance with; to follow (rule, tradition, example, etc.)
fair and square; open and aboveboard
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
playing; play (margin between on and off, gap before pressing button or lever has an effect)
exclusive; attached to; specialist
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
taste (in goods, etc.); manners; etiquette; modesty; restraint; knowledge, experience (of the arts, etc.)
self-indulgent; undisciplined; slovenly; debauched; negligent
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
to one's heart's content; to one's complete satisfaction; as much as one likes; heartily; thoroughly; without restraint
having enough of (food, drink, etc.); having one's fill; fully enjoying
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to swear; to vow; to take an oath; to pledge
string; cord; man who is financially dependent on a woman; gigolo; restrictions; conditions
representative; representation; delegation; switchboard number; main number
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
temple; shrine; hall; company; (arch.) front room
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
elopement; running away with a lover
please (give me); please (do for me)
July; seventh month of the lunar calendar
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
August; eighth month of the lunar calendar
first day of the month; (arch.) first ten days of the lunar month
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
cloudless (sky); without a cloud (in the sky)
clear weather; cloudless weather; good weather
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
acutely (feel); keenly; severely; tightly; hard
presentiment; premonition; hunch; to have a premonition; to have a hunch