cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
favorite; favourite; pet (e.g. teacher's pet); bookmark (in web browser)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(around the) neck; nape; collar (at the front)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to draw or pull something towards oneself (e.g. chair)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
shivering (with cold); trembling (with fear); shuddering
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
wearing thick clothes; dressing warmly
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
railway station; train station; staging post on a highway (in pre-modern Japan); counter for railway stations and bus stations
platform; home; home base; home plate
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
drumming (noise); beating; rapidly; quickly; continuously; one after the other
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
to freeze (of one's body); to be frozen; to become numb (with cold); to be chilled
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
just as; in the act of; as soon as; at the moment that
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
no sooner than; as soon as; immediately after; at the thought of; when I think about
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
stubbornness; obstinacy; disposition; nature; appetite; desire
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
in that way; thus; so; so?
down-train; train heading toward the ending point of its route; down-slope; downward going; downbound (esp. away from Tokyo); downstream
direction; district; area; field (e.g. of study); sphere; quarter
one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point
to see someone off (at a station, an airport, etc.); to escort (e.g. home); to follow something with one's eyes until it is out of sight; to let pass; to pass up (an opportunity etc.); to shelve (a plan, deliberation on a bill, etc.); to postpone
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only