indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
entrance; front door; entryway; entranceway; entry hall; vestibule
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
bad; poor; inferior; delinquent; hoodlum; hooligan
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to scratch; to perspire; to shovel; to paddle
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
glaring at each other; confrontation; standoff; face-off
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to act (a part); to play (a role); to perform (a play, etc.); to put on (a production); to commit (a blunder); to disgrace oneself
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
not exceeding; and downward; below (e.g. standard); under (e.g. a level); the below-mentioned; the following
it is not (like that) either
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
actually; really; truly; in practice; practically
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
expression; presentation; representation; notation
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to say no more; to sink into silence
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
as a matter of fact; to tell the truth
to ask; to enquire; to query
doesn't amount to doing (something); not significant enough to require (something); unnecessary