ghost; apparition; goblin; monster; something unusually large
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
postbox; mailbox; post; position; post (e.g. goalpost); post- (e.g. post-Cold War)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
fishing industry; fishery
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn; to revolve; to visit several places; to function well; to pass a certain time
home town; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
entering a higher-level school, esp. going on to university
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
holy mother; birth mother of a holy man (or woman); Virgin Mary
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
easy; trifling; harmless; nothing of the sort; not at all
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
somehow; for some reason; without knowing why
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)