indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
any kind of; every; whatsoever; whatever
fear; horror; anxiety; concern; uneasiness; reverence
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
anxiety; uneasiness; worry; apprehension; fear; insecurity
to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby); to embrace; to have sex with; to make love to; to sit on (eggs); to brood
as (e.g. "do as one is told", "as we age we gain wisdom"); wherever (e.g. "wherever my fancy took me")
pretty; lovely; clean; clear; completely; entirely
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to smoke; to breathe in; to suck; to sip; to absorb; to soak up
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
field (for fruits, vegetables, etc.); cultivated land; field (of specialization); sphere; womb; birth
to till; to plow; to plough; to cultivate
hunting; harvesting (e.g. berries, fruit); picking; gathering
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
family; members of a family
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
(following a verb) to be sure to; to do (something) so that ...; to make sure to; to try to
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
patriarch; head of a family
mission; errand; task; duty; obligation
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hero; heroine; Eroica Symphony (Beethoven, 1804); Heroic Polonaise (Chopin)
actual existence; real existence; existing in real life
tribe; clan; (taxonomical) tribe; group (of the periodic table)
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
soft; tender; limp; subdued (colour or light) (color); gentle; meek
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
thin; pale; light; watery; thin; weak (taste, etc.); little (affection, etc.) not much (of a presence)
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
dimly; faintly; absentmindedly; vacantly; idly; aimlessly
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question