death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
branch; bough; limb; twig; sprig; spray
suburb; residential area on the outskirt of a city; commuter belt
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to stretch; to extend; to straighten out; to be flattened; to spread (of paint, cream, etc.); to stretch out (e.g. of a hand); to extend
highway (esp. one existing from the Edo period); main road; highway (e.g. to success); path (to becoming ...); subdistrict (in China)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sickle; leading question; trick question; sickle-and-chain (weapon); spear with curved cross-blades; gooseneck tenon and mortise joint; (arch.) noisiness
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
to be open (to traffic); to lead to; to flow (liquid, current); to pass; to be understood; to be comprehended; to be honored
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
now; the present time; just now; another; more
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
face; mask; face guard; (in kendo) striking the head; surface (esp. a geometrical surface); page; aspect
honorific/polite/humble prefix
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
shade; shadow; behind (something); other side; background; behind the scenes
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
how much; something over; and something; however (much); no matter how
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
width; breadth; freedom (e.g. of thought); latitude; gap; difference (e.g. in price)
narrow; confined; small; limited; narrow-minded; confining
that road (path, street, way, etc.); that line (of business); that profession; love affairs; romance
winding; meandering; zigzagging; zig-zag; in twists and turns; sinuously
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to bend; to curve; to turn; to be awry; to be askew
one long straight object (e.g. strand of hair, beam of light, wisp of smoke); a single bloodline; earnest; resolute; (arch.) ordinary; (arch.) common
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell
land readjustment; town planning
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...