indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
movement; transfer; migration; mobile; moving; traveling
restriction; restraint; limitation; limit
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
simple substance (e.g. chemical); something standing alone; separate item; solo item
weapon; arms; ordnance; weapon (something used to gain an advantage); asset
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
item; something that one "just has to have"
use; application; employment; utilization; utilisation
defense; defence; safeguard; protection
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
possible; potential; practicable; feasible
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
withdrawal; secession; separation; breakaway
merchant; trader; tradesman; dealer; shopkeeper
technique; art; skill; move
thief; robber; burglar; bandit
swordsman; swordswoman; fencer