indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
embarkation; boarding (an aeroplane, airplane)
after (practically) no time; immediately after; just; having no time to
tide; current; sea water; opportunity; chance
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
landing; alighting; touch down
now; the present time; just now; another; more
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
safety belt; seat belt; seatbelt
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to ascertain; to check; to make sure
please (give me); please (do for me)
still; yet; more; still more; as ...; like ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
clear weather; cloudless weather; good weather
degree (angle, temperature, scale, etc.); counter for occurrences; strength (of glasses); glasses prescription; alcohol content (percentage); alcohol by volume; extent
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
one day; all day (long); throughout the day; first day of the month
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
cool; refreshing; clear (e.g. eyes); bright; clear; distinct
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
in that way; thus; so; so?
it is not (like that) either
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
but then; although; though; reasonable; natural; just
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...