indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
corridor; hallway; passageway
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to get angry; to get mad; to tell someone off; to scold; to be angular; to be square
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
all one's power (strength, energy, efforts); one's utmost
to run; to dash; to gallop (on horseback); to canter; (arch.) to advance (against one's enemy); (arch.) to charge (on horseback)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
violation; offense; offence; breach; transgression; infringement
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
dangerous; risky; in danger; in jeopardy; uncertain; unreliable
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
public morals; discipline; rules governing social behavior
it is not (like that) either
and yet; though; when; in spite of
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
fault; error; indiscretion; faux pas
pointing out; identification
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
myself; yourself; I; me; you
post; official position; managerial position; executive position
unrelated; irrelevant; unconcerned; unconnected
adds force or indicates command
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
class (of students); group (of people); party; lot; bunch; crime family; organized-crime syndicate
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
unpleasant; awkward; embarrassing; uneasy
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to leave; to go away; to pass; to elapse; to be distant; to send away; to drive off
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
attention; notice; care; caution; advice; warning
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
will; probably; may; I think; surely; I hope
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question