ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
to be smeared; to be covered
tip of nose; before one's eyes; under one's nose; tip (of something)
tongue; tongue-like object; clapper (of a bell); talon (of a lock)
to lick; to lap; to taste; to experience (esp. a hardship); to look down on (someone); to make fun of
to purify; to cleanse; to exorcise; to purge; to ward off
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to be destroyed; to perish; to go out (e.g. fire); to destroy; to get rid of; to extinguish
very messy; (stuff) all over the place; (lit.) no space even for one's feet
the more ... the more ...; as; (arch.) while; (arch.) during; (arch.) because; (arch.) since
fragment; broken piece; chip; ounce (of truth, conscience, etc.); trace; shred
dispersion; scattering; spreading out; diffusion
warm; mild; warm (of a colour); mellow; having enough money
flesh; meat; flesh (of a fruit); pulp; the physical body (as opposed to the spirit); flesh; thickness
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
to step into (e.g. someone else's territory); to break into; to raid; to come to grips with; to get to the core of
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to be found; to be discovered
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
expert; learned person; doctor; PhD; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryo period); pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
independence; self-reliance; independence (e.g. of a nation); freedom; separation; isolation
laboratory; seminar room; professor's office
of course; certainly; naturally
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
experiments using animals; in-vivo testing; animal testing
institution; establishment; facility; home (for elderly, orphans, etc.)
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
all; entire; whole; altogether
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
to say; to speak; to tell; to talk
avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)