honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
woman; lady; adult female
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
claim; insistence; assertion; advocacy; emphasis; contention
by means of; due to; because of; according to
commodity; article of commerce; goods; stock; merchandise
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to set one's hand to; to start work on; to embezzle; to use (money obtained in illegal fashion); to have sexual relations; to have an affair
I'm told; is what I heard; is how it is, apparently; is what they said
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
(another's) daughter; young lady
pretext; history; past; according to ...; ... says
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
looking for a particular person or thing; searching high and low; hunting for; picking out; singling out
later; afterwards; future; after one's death; (arch.) descendant
to line up; to stand in a line; to rival; to match; to equal
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
testimony; (verbal) evidence
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
mistake; error; accident; mishap; improper conduct (e.g. between man and woman); indiscretion
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
pupil; disciple; adherent; follower; apprentice; young person
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
mess; sorry state; -ways; -wards; in the act of ...; just as one is ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
late summer heat; lingering summer heat
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to spread; to extend; to unfold; to open; to scatter about; to spread around
innocence; guiltlessness; purity; uprightness; integrity