after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to be placed on; to be set on; to be piled on; to appear (in print); to be mentioned; to be recorded
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
whatever the case; under any circumstances
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to miss; to overlook; to let pass (a matter); to overlook (e.g. a wrongdoing); to pass up (e.g. an opportunity); to let (a good ball) go by
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
so; like this; in this way
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
unexpected; unforeseen; inconceivable
running away from home; elopement; (arch.) outing; (arch.) going out; (arch.) becoming a Buddhist monk; (arch.) entering the priesthood
as soon as...; just after...; immediately after...; hurriedly; in haste; quickly
to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up; to involve; to drag into
after (a long process); at the end of; last line (of a renga)
to go to and from (a place); to go back and forth between; to go to (school, work, etc.); to attend; to circulate (e.g. blood, electricity); to be communicated (e.g. thought)
to get stuck with (some job); to end up with (something unpleasant)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
moreover; furthermore; nevertheless; and yet
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement