time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
country in civil war; country disarrayed by war; Warring States period (Japan, China); competiton in which there are several evenly-matched participants; hotly-contested game (match, market, etc.)
rivalry of local warlords; a number of powerful (talented, influential) persons standing by themselves in a given field
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to rampage; to run wild; to go berserk; to be violent (waves, wind, etc.); to be rough
troubled times; turbulent times
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stake; to risk; to bet; to wager
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
to set up (a house, store, etc.); to build; to have at the ready (e.g. a gun); to hold in preparation (e.g. a camera); to adopt a posture; to assume a stance; to put on an air
to build; to construct; to erect; to amass (e.g. fortune); to pile up
territory; fiefdom; feudal domain
reigning; controlling; dictating
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
year; age; years; past one's prime; old age
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
three times; thrice; third (musical interval); many times; over and over again
(of a woman) divorcing and moving back in with her parents; (of an employee) leaving a position only to return to it later; (of a ship) leaving from and returning to the same port
to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate
unique; distinctive; novel; different color (colour)
daughter of a person of high rank (esp. eldest daughter)
young lady of noble birth; princess (esp. in Western contexts, tales, etc.); girl; small; cute; (arch.) prostitute
side; edge; beside; while (doing); in addition to; at the same time
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
to serve; to work for; to attend
squirrel's foot fern (Davallia mariesii); Lepisorus thunbergianus (species of fern); color of clothing layers under one's overcoat (light green on blue); ancient women's hairstyle; clothing patterned using squirrel's foot fern
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...