head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to feel; to sense; to experience
while; during; while; although; all; both
to wake up; to sober up; to come to one's senses; to become enlightened
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
lesson; class work; teaching; instruction
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
though; although; be that as it may; nonetheless
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
school festival; campus festival
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
near; close; beside; vicinity; proximity; besides
cart (esp. a food cart); stall; festival float; portable shrine dedicated to a god and shaped like a house; stage prop fashioned after a large building; framework (of a house, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
being extremely fond of; having a weakness for; having no eye for; being a poor judge of; having no chance (of succeeding)
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
violence; assault; rough (e.g. handling); reckless; rape; sexual assault
to dish up; to arrange food (on a plate)
handful; small amount; small number
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
medicine; pharmaceuticals; efficacious chemical (gunpowder, pesticide, etc.); (pottery) glaze; (illegal) drug; narcotic