warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
firefly (Luciola cruciata); lightning bug; glowworm
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
motionlessly (e.g. stand, wait); (be) still; fixedly (e.g. gaze, stare); intently (e.g. listen, think); patiently (endure); stoically
to strain one's eyes; to look closely; to stare at
one's line of sight; one's gaze; one's eyes (looking); glance; gaze; look
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cross (legs or arms); to link (arms); to put together; to construct; to braid; to plait; to grapple
shelf; ledge; rack; trellis
height (of body); stature
in comparison to; rather than
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
those (near the second person)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
size; large and small (sizes); various sizes; daishō (matched pair of long and short swords); large and small drums; long months and short months; sic bo (Macao dice game)
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to dedicate; to make an offering; to supply; to store; to finish; to bring to a close; to restore (something to its place)
phew; whew; huff; whoo; wohoo
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
remarkably; noticeably; considerably; appreciably
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to get (much) colder; to deepen (cold); to feel cold (of the body); to be chilled to the bones; to worsen (of relations, economic conditions, etc.)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
sense; sensation; feeling; intuition
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take back; to regain; to get back; to recover
both (hands, parents, sides, etc.); counter for carriages (e.g. in a train); counter for vehicles; ryō; tael; ryō; pre-Meiji unit of currency, orig. the value of one ryō of gold
to rub together; to reconcile (ideas, proposals, plans); to compare and adjust