to become clear (water, air, etc.); to become transparent; to resonate clearly (e.g. voice); to become serene; to become tranquil; to pronounce as an unvoiced sound
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to play an instrument (esp. string instruments); to dance
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
sad; miserable; unhappy; sad; lamentable; deplorable
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
exclamation of surprised disappointment, disgust, or worry (yuck, ick, ack, eeew, crap!, blech, gross)
how long; how much; to what extent
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
to drain; to pour; to wash away; to distribute (e.g. electricity over wires, music over a PA system, etc.); to circulate; to cruise (e.g. taxi); to float
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
shoal; shallows; sand bar; ford
to drift (to); to be washed ashore
by the way; incidentally; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how)
in some way or other; one way or another; somehow; only just; barely
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to creep up; to crawl up; to overcome (a bad situation); to rise (after a setback)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
to scratch; to perspire; to shovel; to paddle
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
frantic; frenetic; inevitable death; brinkmate (inevitable checkmate)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
breathing; respiration; knack; trick; harmony; balance
to repeat; to do something over again
small mercy (from some misfortune); silver lining of a dark cloud; consolation in sadness; blessing in disguise
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
protagonist; main character; hero(ine) (of a story); head of household
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style