state (US, Australia, India, Germany, etc.); province (e.g. Canada); continent; (arch.) dear
class; order; et cetera; etc.; equal; iso-
hostility; antagonism; opposition
influence; power; might; strength; potency; force
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
to avoid (physical contact with); to avoid (situation); to ward off; to avert; to put aside; to move out of the way
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
counter for birds, rabbits, etc.
(in) the middle of; (in) the midst of; (in) the course of; (at) the height of
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to stray from the right path; to go wrong; to go off the rails; to turn delinquent
coincidence; chance; by chance; unexpectedly; contingency
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
Satsuma and Chōshū (clan alliance)
side (of something, or taking someone's side); part; (watch) case
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win
to mark the end; to spell the end
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
to borrow; to have a loan; to rent; to hire
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
Keiō era (1865.4.7-1868.9.8)
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
the West; the Occident; Western countries
using freely; making full use of; having a good command of; working (someone) hard; driving (someone) on
evacuation; withdrawal; revocation; repeal; retreat
to be forced to do or experience something (against one's will); to be forced to do something because one has no other choice
to fly about; to flutter about; to flit about; to fly past each other
battlefield; battleground
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to stray into; to lose one's way (and enter); to wander into