this way (of doing); this method; this sort (of thing); this type
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
anything and everything; just about everything
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
to steal; to plagiarize; to steal (a technique, idea, etc.); to do stealthily; to do during scant time; to steal a base
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
(a) little; somewhat; somehow
contrary; opposite; inverse; reverse; back-to-front