if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
another meeting; meeting again; reunion
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
period of time (usu. a period of approx. two hours corresponding to one of the signs of the Chinese zodiac); carving; engraving; strictness; cruelty
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to succeed; to relieve; to take the place of; to substitute for; to be exchanged; to change (places with)
May; fifth month of the lunar calendar
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
to come fluttering in (e.g. leaves, snow, flowers, etc.); to come dancing in; to drop in unexpectedly; to happen unexpectedly
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Saint; St.; S.; sacred; holy; pure
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
educational institution; school; academy; campus
pupil in ... year; student in ... year
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to pass (of time); to elapse
homeroom; form room; form class
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
student in a higher grade; upperclassman
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
self-consciousness; self-awareness
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
while; even though; despite
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
of course; certainly; naturally
lover; sweetheart; boyfriend; girlfriend
flapping (of a flag, fan, etc.); fluttering; pitter-patter (of footsteps); quickly (making progress); in quick succession
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh