indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
red; crimson; red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange); Red (i.e. communist); red light (traffic); red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red
snake; serpent; large snake
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to feel (as if); to have a feeling (that); to have a hunch (that); to feel like doing; to want to do
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
magnificent; grand; fair; square; grandly; boldly
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
member; participant; attendee; lineup (sport)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
true character; true form; true colors (colours); consciousness; one's senses
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to leak out (a secret); to be exposed (a lie, improper behaviour, etc.); to be found out; to get away (of fish)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
first of all; at once; right away; for now; for the time being
to peek (through a keyhole, gap, etc.); to look down into (a ravine, etc.); to peek into (a shop, bookstore, etc.); to sneak a look at; to take a quick look at; to peep (through a telescope, microscope, etc.); to stick out (a scarf from a collar, etc.)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
whether or not (in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come")
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
there; over there; genitals; private parts; that far; that much
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for