indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
congratulation; celebration
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
second (party to an agreement); the B party (e.g. in a contract); stylish; chic; strange; quaint
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
wrapped package; bale; wicker trunk; wicker luggage
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
tachibana orange (Citrus tachibana)
to come true (of a wish, prayer, etc.); to be realized; to suit (e.g. a purpose); to meet (wishes, ideals, etc.); to match (implies competition); to rival
counter for articles; counter for military units; individual
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; (not) any
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
to go home; (arch.) to go; (arch.) to leave; (arch.) to pass (of time); (arch.) to die; (arch.) to go bad
horizontal (as opposed to vertical); lying down; side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; side (of a box, etc.); beside
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
jaw; chin; barb (of a fishhook)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
audience (with a superior, e.g. nobility); visiting card; name card
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
honorific/polite/humble prefix
wooden box carried on one's back to store items for a pilgrimage
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to do completely; to do accidentally; to do without meaning to; to happen to do
multi-floor building; multi-storey building; bill
light (e.g. aircraft, truck); light motor vehicle (up to 660cc and 64bhp); kei car
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
shade; shadow; behind (something); other side; background; behind the scenes
to profit; to benefit from; to take advantage of; to make good use of
uncle; old man; mister; manybar goatfish (Parupeneus multifasciatus)
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
widow; divorced woman not remarried; unmarried woman
older sister; lass; young lady
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)