indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
world view; outlook on the world; Weltanschauung (philosophy); appearance of a world (e.g. in fiction)
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be born again; to make a fresh start in life
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
not necessarily so; is not always true
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
cattle (Bos taurus); cow; beef; Chinese "Ox" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); squealer; rat; loser; asshole; counterfeit
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
ogre; demon; spirit of a deceased person; ogre-like person (i.e. fierce, relentless, merciless, etc.); it (in a game of tag, hide-and-seek, etc.); Chinese "ghost" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); very
immortal mountain wizard (in Taoism); mountain man (esp. a hermit); person not bound by earthly desires
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
perhaps; probably; generous; many; much
such; like that; that sort of; very
theory; reason; logic; (unreasonable) argument; strained logic; excuse
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
20 years old; (arch.) twenty
stairs; stairway; staircase
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to tumble down; to roll down
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
transmigration; reincarnation; metempsychosis
plentiful; lot of; much; pile of
big man; large man; tall man; giant
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
simile; metaphor; allegory; parable
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
literally; to the letter; literal
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
horizon (related to land)
beyond; across; the other side; the distance
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
grass; weed; (arch.) ninja; not genuine; substandard; LOL
one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point
to grow; to spring up; to sprout; to cut (teeth)
barren; sterile; infertile; unproductive (e.g. discussion); fruitless