from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
of course; certainly; naturally
great; grand; extensive; large-scale
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
holding (a conference, exhibition, etc.); opening; hosting (e.g. the Olympics)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
participation; joining; entry; adherence
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
soldier; combatant; warrior
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to breathe out; to breathe; to tell (a lie); to use (foul language); to vomit; to throw up
war; fighting; fierce competition
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
special; particular; peculiar; unique
declaration; indication; representation; manifestation; demonstration; expression
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
non-aggression pact; non-aggression treaty
to tie; to bind; to bear (fruit); to close (e.g. deal); to confirm; to connect (two distant places); to close tightly
to come together; to merge; to fit; to match; to be profitable; to be equitable
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?