to look up at; to raise one's eyes; to look up to; to admire; to respect
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to pierce through; to break through
blue; azure; green; green light (traffic); black (horse coat color); blue 5-point card; immature
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
to look out over; to survey (scene); to take an extensive view of
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
one face; one surface; the whole surface; one aspect; one side; (on) the other hand; one broad, flat object
green; greenery (esp. fresh verdure)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
surroundings; environs; circumference
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
(many) mountains; very much (wanting to do something one cannot); greatly; so many; a lot of
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
rustling of leaves; rustling of grass
cicada; locust; small-sized pulley
cry (esp. animal); roar; chirp; tweet; bark; whine
city; Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly
tumult; great noise; clatter; hustle and bustle
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
unrelated; unconnected; without relations (esp. of a deceased person); having no surviving relatives; unrelated to the teachings of Buddha; unable to be saved by Buddha
mountain hamlet; mountain village
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
east and west; Orient and Occident; East and West; ladies and gentlemen!; your attention, please!
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cut off; to cut up; to tear to pieces
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
hilly section of a city (usu. residential); Yamanote (hilly residential section of western Tokyo, incl. Yotsuya, Aoyama, Koishikawa, Hongo, Ichigaya, Akasaka, Azabu and surrounds); place near the mountains
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
standard; basis; criterion; norm; reference; datum
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
comparatively; relatively
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name