excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
mound; heap; hillock; burial mound; tomb; tumulus
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
underground; below the ground; world of the dead; the grave; underground (activities, movement, etc.); secret
suffix for familiar person
unusual; rare; new; novel; fine (e.g. gift)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
senior high school (esp. the senior high school section of a school that also encompasses other grades)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
readiness; preparedness; resolution; resignation
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
babysitting; babysitter; protecting; keeping; keeper
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
preemptive strike; preemptive attack; first strike
surplus; margin; leeway; composure; placidity; complacency
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to dodge; to evade; to avoid; to sidestep
what; what sort of thing; everything; anything; what (on earth)?; what's the meaning of this ...?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
splendid; magnificent; gorgeous
space; air; midair; (from) memory; (by) heart
to dance (orig. a whirling dance); to flutter about; to revolve
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
present age; present day; today; modern era; modern times
circle; entirety; whole; money; dough; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to put back up; to stand back up; to restore (to former strength); to revive (e.g. the economy); to make again (a plan, policy, etc.); to reformulate
spare time; free time; time (e.g. time it takes to do something); time off; day off; quitting (one's job); firing someone
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as